Ungakubona kanjani ukulungiswa kwevolumu yomoya okungenazinyathelo ku-screw compressor
1. Izici ze-screw compressor
Ama-screw compressors akhiwe ngezikulufu ezihambisanayo, ezihlanganayo zesifazane nezabesilisa.Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zesiqandisi ezimaphakathi nezinkulu noma zicubungula ama-compressor wegesi ekucwengelweni nasezitshalweni zamakhemikhali.Ukucindezelwa kwe-screw kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili: isikulufa esisodwa nesikulufa samawele.I-screw compressor ngokuvamile ibhekisela ku-twin screw compressor.Ama-screw compressors anezici ezilandelayo:
(1) I-screw compressor inesakhiwo esilula kanye nenani elincane lezingxenye.Azikho izingxenye zokugqoka ezinjengama-valve, amasongo e-piston, ama-rotor, ama-bearings, njll., futhi amandla ayo nokumelana nokugqoka kuphakeme kakhulu.
(2) I-screw compressor inezici zokudluliswa kwegesi okuphoqelelwe, okungukuthi, ivolumu yokukhipha cishe ayithinteki ukucindezela kokukhipha, akukho ukuqhuma okwenzeka lapho umthamo wokukhipha umncane, futhi usengagcina ingcindezi ebangeni elibanzi. yezimo zokusebenza.Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu.
(3) I-screw compressor ayizweli kakhulu isando esiwuketshezi futhi singapholiswa ngomjovo kawoyela.Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esifanayo sokucindezela, izinga lokushisa lokukhishwa liphansi kakhulu kunelohlobo lwe-piston, ngakho-ke isilinganiso sokucindezela kwesiteji esisodwa siphezulu.
(4) Ukulungiswa kwe-valve yesilayidi kwamukelwa ukuze kubonakale ukulungiswa kwamandla okungenamkhawulo.
2. Isimiso sokulungiswa kwe-valve yesilayidi ye-screw compressor
I-valve yesilayidi isetshenziselwa ukulawula umthamo ongenazinyathelo.Ngesikhathi sokuqalisa okuvamile, le ngxenye ayilayishwa.I-valve yesilayidi ilawulwa yiphaneli yokulawula encane ngokucindezela kawoyela, ekugcineni iguqule amandla okusebenza e-compressor.
I-valve yesilayidi yokulungiswa komthamo iyingxenye yesakhiwo esetshenziselwa ukulungisa ukugeleza kwevolumu ku-compressor yesikulufu.Nakuba kunezindlela eziningi zokulungisa ukugeleza kwevolumu ye-screw compressor, indlela yokulungisa usebenzisa i-valve yesilayidi isetshenziswe kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekubumbeni umjovo.Isiqandisi sesikulufu sikawoyela kanye nama-compressor enqubo athandwa kakhulu.Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1, le ndlela yokulungisa iwukufaka i-valve yesilayidi yokulungisa emzimbeni we-screw compressor futhi ibe yingxenye yomzimba womminyanisa.Itholakala empambanweni yezindingilizi ezimbili zangaphakathi ohlangothini olunengcindezi ephezulu yomzimba futhi ingakwazi ukuya emuva naphambili ngendlela ehambisana ne-cylinder axis.
Umgomo we-valve yesilayidi yokulungisa izinga lokugeleza kwe-volumetric ye-screw compressor isekelwe ezicini zenqubo yokusebenza ye-screw compressor.Ku-screw compressor, njengoba i-rotor ijikeleza, ukucindezela kwegesi elicindezelwe kancane kancane kukhuphuka eduze kwe-axis ye-rotor.Ngokuya ngesimo sendawo, kancane kancane isuka ekugcineni kwe-compressor kuya ekugcineni kokukhipha.Ngemuva kokuthi uhlangothi oluphezulu lomzimba luvuleka, lapho ama-rotor amabili eqala ukuhlanganisa futhi ezama ukwandisa ukucindezela kwegesi, enye igesi izodlula ekuvuleni.Ngokusobala, inani legesi elidlulayo lihlobene nobude bokuvulwa.Lapho umugqa wokuxhumana uhambela ekupheleni kokuvula, igesi esele ivaliwe ngokuphelele, futhi inqubo yokucindezela kwangaphakathi iqala kuleli phuzu.Umsebenzi owenziwe yi-screw compressor kugesi we-bypass kusukela ekuvuleni usetshenziselwa ukuyikhipha kuphela.Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-compressor ikakhulukazi isamba somsebenzi owenziwe ukucindezela igesi ekhishwe ekugcineni kanye nomsebenzi wokushayisana kwemishini.Ngakho-ke, lapho i-valve yesilayidi yokulungiswa komthamo isetshenziselwa ukulungisa izinga lokugeleza kwe-volumetric ye-screw compressor, i-compressor ingagcina ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu ngaphansi kwesimo sokulungisa.
Ku-compressor yangempela, ngokuvamile akuyona imbobo ku-casing, kodwa isakhiwo esinezimbotshana.I-valve yesilayidi ihamba nge-groove ngaphansi kwe-rotor futhi ivumela ukulungiswa okuqhubekayo kosayizi wokuvula.Igesi ekhishwe ekuvulekeni izobuyela endaweni yokudonsa ye-compressor.Njengoba i-compressor empeleni ingasebenzi kule ngxenye yegesi, izinga lokushisa layo alinyuki, ngakho ayidingi ukupholiswa ngaphambi kokuba ifinyelele igesi evamile esikhumulweni sokudonsa..
I-valve yesilayidi ingahamba noma iyiphi indlela ngokuvumelana nezidingo zesistimu yokulawula.Ziningi izindlela zokuyishayela.Indlela evame kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-hydraulic cylinder, futhi uhlelo lwamafutha lwe-screw compressor ngokwalo luhlinzeka ngomfutho wamafutha odingekayo.Emishinini embalwa, i-valve yesilayidi iqhutshwa injini encishisiwe.
Ngokwethiyori, i-spool kufanele ibe ubude obufana ne-rotor.Ngokufanayo, ibanga elidingekayo ukuze i-valve yesilayidi isuke emthwalweni ogcwele iye emthwalweni ongenalutho idinga ukufana ne-rotor, futhi isilinda se-hydraulic kufanele sibe nobude obufanayo.Kodwa-ke, ukuzijwayeza kufakazele ukuthi noma ubude be-valve yesilayidi bufushane, izici ezinhle zokulawula zisengazuzwa.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lapho ukuvulwa kwe-bypass kuqala kuvuleka eduze kobuso bokuphela kokumunca, indawo yakhona incane kakhulu, ukucindezela kwegesi kuncane kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi, futhi isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze i-rotor meshing amazinyo ishanele ngembobo nayo. mfushane kakhulu, ngakho kuzoba nenani elincane kuphela Enye igesi ekhishwayo.Ngakho-ke, ubude bangempela be-valve yesilayidi bungancishiswa cishe ku-70% wobude besigaba sokusebenza se-rotor, futhi ingxenye esele yenziwe ilungisiwe, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ubukhulu be-compressor.
Izici ze-valve yesilayidi yokulungisa umthamo zizohluka ngobubanzi be-rotor.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi indawo yembobo ye-bypass ebangelwa ukunyakaza kwe-valve yesilayidi ilingana nesikwele sobubanzi be-rotor, kuyilapho ivolumu yegesi egunjini lokucindezela ilingana nobubanzi be-rotor.Ngokulingana nekhiyubhu ye.Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lapho i-compressor icindezela igesi, iphinde ikhulise ukucindezela kwamafutha ajovwe, futhi ekugcineni ikhiphe kanye negesi.Ukuze amafutha akhishwe ngokuqhubekayo, umthamo othile wokukhipha umoya kufanele ugcinwe.Uma kungenjalo, ngaphansi kwezimo zokungalayishi ngokuphelele, uwoyela uzonqwabelana egumbini lokucindezela, okubangele ukuthi i-compressor yomoya ingakwazi ukuqhubeka nokusebenza.Ukuze uwoyela uphume ngokuqhubekayo, isilinganiso sokugeleza kwevolumu okungenani esingaba ngu-10% sivame ukudingeka.Kwezinye izimo, izinga lokugeleza kwe-volumetric ye-compressor kufanele libe ngu-zero.Ngalesi sikhathi, ipayipi le-bypass livame ukuhlelwa phakathi kokudonsa nokukhipha.Uma kudingeka umthwalo ophelele onguziro, ipayipi le-bypass liyavulwa ukuze kuxhunywe ukudonsa nokukhipha umoya..
Uma usebenzisa i-valve yesilayidi yokulungisa umthamo ukuze ulungise ukugeleza kwe-volumetric ye-screw compressor, isimo esifanelekile ukugcina isilinganiso sokucindezela kwangaphakathi sifana nomthwalo ogcwele phakathi nenqubo yokulungisa.Kodwa-ke, kusobala ukuthi lapho i-valve yesilayidi ihamba futhi izinga lokugeleza kwe-volumetric ye-compressor liba lincane, ubude bokusebenza obusebenzayo be-screw buba buncane futhi isikhathi senqubo yokucindezela kwangaphakathi sibuye sibe sincane, ngakho-ke isilinganiso sokucindezela kwangaphakathi kufanele sibe sincane. kuncishisiwe.
Ekwakhiweni kwangempela, i-valve yesilayidi ifakwe imbobo yokukhipha i-radial, ehamba nge-axially nevalve yesilayidi.Ngale ndlela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubude obusebenzayo be-screw machine rotor buyancipha, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-radial exhaust orifice nayo iyancishiswa, ukuze kunwetshwe isikhathi senqubo yokucindezela kwangaphakathi futhi kwandiswe isilinganiso sokucindezela kwangaphakathi.Lapho i-radial exhaust orifice ku-valve yesilayidi kanye ne-axial exhaust orifice esembozweni sokugcina kwenziwa izilinganiso ezihlukene zengcindezi yangaphakathi, isilinganiso sokucindezela kwangaphakathi singagcinwa ukuze sifane nalolo lomthwalo ogcwele phakathi nenqubo yokulungisa ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuthile. .Ngokufanayo.
Lapho i-valve yesilayidi yokulungiswa kwevolumu isetshenziselwa ukushintsha ngasikhathi sinye usayizi we-radial exhaust orifice yomshini wesikulufa kanye nobude besigaba sokusebenza esisebenzayo se-rotor, ubudlelwano phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamandla omshini wokujiya kanye nesilinganiso sokugeleza kwevolumu kungaphakathi kokugeleza kwevolumu. ukulungiswa ububanzi 100-50%.Amandla asetshenzisiwe ancipha cishe ngokulingana nokuncipha kokugeleza kwevolumu, okubonisa umnotho omuhle wokulawulwa kwama-valve amaslayidi.Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi esigabeni sakamuva sokunyakaza kwe-valve yesilayidi, isilinganiso sokucindezela kwangaphakathi sizoqhubeka sincipha size sinciphe sibe ngu-1. Lokhu kwenza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nejika lokugeleza kwevolumu ngalesi sikhathi liphambuke ngezinga elithile uma liqhathaniswa ne isimo ekahle.Ubukhulu bokuchezuka buncike esilinganisweni sokucindezela kwangaphandle komshini wesikulufa.Uma ingcindezi yangaphandle enqunywe yizimo zokunyakaza incane, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okungenamthwalo we-screw machine kungase kube ngu-20% kuphela walokho ekulayisheni okugcwele, kuyilapho lapho ingcindezi yangaphandle inkulu kakhulu, ingafinyelela ku-35%.Kungabonakala kusukela lapha ukuthi inzuzo ephawulekayo yokusebenzisa i-valve yesilayidi somthamo ukuthi amandla okuqala omshini wesikulufa mancane kakhulu.
Lapho kusetshenziswa ukwakheka kwevalvu yesilayidi elawulayo, indawo engaphezulu yevalve yesilayidi isebenza njengengxenye yesilinda sokucindezela isikulufu.Kukhona i-orifice yokukhipha ku-valve yesilayidi, futhi ingxenye yayo engezansi ibuye isebenze njengesiqondiso sokunyakaza kwe-axial, ngakho-ke izidingo zokunemba kwemishini ziphezulu kakhulu., okuzoholela ekwenyukeni kwezindleko zokukhiqiza.Ikakhulukazi kuma-screw compressors amancane, izindleko zokucubungula ze-valve yesilayidi zizolandisa ngengxenye enkulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuthembekile komshini we-screw, igebe phakathi kwe-valve yesilayidi kanye ne-rotor ngokuvamile likhulu kunegebe phakathi kwembobo yesilinda kanye ne-rotor.Emishinini emincane yezikulufa, leli gebe elandisiwe lizophinde lithinte ukusebenza kwe-compressor.Ukwehla okukhulu.Ukuze unqobe ukushiyeka okungenhla, ekwakhiweni kwemishini yesikulufa emincane, ama-valve ama-slide amaningana alula futhi angabizi kakhulu angasetshenziswa.
Idizayini elula yevalvu ye-spool enezimbobo zokudlula odongeni lwesilinda elihambisana nokuma kwe-helical ye-rotor, evumela igesi ukuthi iphume kulezi zimbobo uma zingamboziwe.I-valve yesilayidi esetshenzisiwe “i-valve ejikelezayo” enomzimba we-valve ezungezayo.Uma ijikeleza, ingavala noma ivule imbobo yokudlula exhunywe egumbini lokuminyanisa.Njengoba i-valve yesilayidi idinga kuphela ukujikeleza ngalesi sikhathi, ubude be-compressor bungancishiswa kakhulu.Lolu hlelo lokuklama lungahlinzeka ngempumelelo ngokulungiswa kwamandla okuqhubekayo.Kodwa-ke, njengoba usayizi wembobo yokukhipha umoya uhlala ungashintshiwe, isilinganiso sokucindezela kwangaphakathi sizokwehla lapho ukulayishwa kuqala.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokuba khona kwembobo ye-bypass odongeni lwesilinda, inani elithile "lomthamo wokusula" liyakhiwa.Igesi ngaphakathi kwale volumu izobhekana ngokuphindaphindiwe nezinqubo zokucindezelwa nokunwetshwa, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric kanye ne-adiabatic ye-compressor.
3. Inqubo yokulungisa i-valve yesilayidi ye-screw compressor
Ngokuhambisa i-valve yesilayidi kwesokunxele nakwesokudla, ivolumu yokucindezela ephumelelayo iyakhuphuka noma yehliswe, futhi umthamo wokulethwa kwegesi uyalungiswa.Uma ulayisha: i-piston ihamba ngakwesobunxele futhi i-valve yesilayidi iya ngakwesobunxele futhi ivolumu yokulethwa kwegesi iyanda;lapho uthulula: i-piston iya kwesokudla futhi i-valve yesilayidi iya kwesokudla futhi umthamo wokulethwa kwegesi uyancipha.
4. Amathemba okusebenza okulungiswa kwe-screw compressor slide valve
Ngokuvamile, ama-screw compressor angenawo uwoyela awasebenzisi idivayisi yokulungisa umthamo ukulungisa i-valve yesilayidi.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi igumbi lokucindezela lalolu hlobo lwe-compressor alinawo amafutha kuphela kodwa futhi lisezingeni eliphezulu lokushisa.Lokhu kwenza ukusetshenziswa kokulawula ama-valve ama-slide valve kube nzima ngokobuchwepheshe.
Ku-screw air compressors ejovwe ngamafutha, njengoba i-medium ecindezelwe ihlala ingashintshile futhi izimo zokusebenza zilungisiwe, idivayisi yokulungisa umthamo we-valve yesilayidi ngokuvamile ayisetshenziswa.Injini yefrikhwensi eguquguqukayo ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza isakhiwo se-compressor sibe lula ngangokunokwenzeka futhi sivumelane nezidingo zokukhiqiza ngobuningi..
Kuyafaneleka ukuveza ukuthi ngenxa yedivayisi yokulungiswa kwamandla elungisa i-valve yesilayidi, i-compressor ingakwazi ukugcina ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezilungisiwe.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amadivaysi okulungisa umthamo abuye asetshenziswa kuma-screw compressor angenawo uwoyela nama-screw air compressors afakwe uwoyela.Ilungisa ukuthambekela kwevalvu yesilayidi.
Esiqandisini sesikulufu esijovwe uwoyela kanye nama-compressor enqubo, ama-valve ama-slide okulungisa amandla avame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungisa izinga lokugeleza kwevolumu ye-screw compressor.Nakuba le ndlela yokulungiswa kwevolumu yokukhipha insimbi iyinkimbinkimbi, ingalungisa ngokuqhubekayo futhi ngaphandle kwesinyathelo ivolumu yokukhipha, futhi ukusebenza kahle nakho kuphezulu.
Isitatimende: Lesi sihloko senziwa kabusha kusukela ku-inthanethi.Okuqukethwe yi-athikili okwezinjongo zokufunda nokuxhumana kuphela.I-Air Compressor Network ihlala ingathathi hlangothi mayelana nemibono ekusihloko.I-copyright ye-athikili ingeyombhali wokuqala kanye nenkundla.Uma kukhona ukwephulwa komthetho, sicela usithinte ukuze ukususe.