Kungani kwakhiwe ithangi elikhulu kangaka lokugcina igesi?
Esikhathini esingeside esidlule, ama-super gasholders amathathu amakhulu emhlabeni wonke akhiwe e-China, futhi izindawo zabo zokugcina zafinyelela ku-270,000 cubic metres ithangi ngalinye.Abathathu abasebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa banganikeza abantu abayizigidi ezingu-60 igesi izinyanga ezimbili.Kungani kufanele sakhe ithangi elikhulu kangaka lokugcina igesi?Indlela entsha yegesi yemvelo ene-liquefied
Njengezwe elikhulu elisetshenziswa amandla, i-China ibilokhu ithembele kakhulu emalahleni njengomthombo wamandla oyinhloko.Kodwa-ke, njengoba kuya ngokuya kugqama ukungqubuzana phakathi kokuthuthukiswa komnotho nokungcoliswa kwemvelo, ukungcoliswa komoya nezinye izingozi zemvelo ezibangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle ziya ngokuya ziba zimbi, futhi nesakhiwo samandla esidinga ukuguqulwa ngokushesha sibe yikhabhoni ephansi, esinobungani nemvelo futhi sihlanzeke.Igesi yemvelo ingumthombo wekhabhoni ephansi kanye nomthombo wamandla ahlanzekile, kodwa kunzima ukuyigcina nokuyihambisa, futhi ivamise ukusetshenziswa igesi eningi njengoba imbiwa.
Ngemuva kochungechunge lwe-ultra-low lokushisa kwegesi yemvelo, i-liquefied natural gas (LNG) iyakhiwa.Ingxenye yayo eyinhloko i-methane.Ngemva kokusha, ingcolisa umoya omncane kakhulu futhi ikhiphe ukushisa okukhulu.Ngakho-ke, i-LNG ingumthombo wamandla othuthuke kakhulu futhi yaziwa njengomthombo wamandla wezinsalela ezihlanzekile emhlabeni.I-Liquefied natural gas (LNG) iluhlaza, ihlanzekile, iphephile futhi iyasebenza, futhi ilungele ukugcinwa nokuthuthwa.Isetshenziswa kakhulu kunegesi yemvelo, futhi amazwe anokuvikelwa kwemvelo okuthuthukisiwe emhlabeni akhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-LNG.
Ngasikhathi sinye, umthamo wegesi yemvelo ewuketshezi ucishe ube ingxenye eyodwa kweziyisithupha zegesi, okusho ukuthi ukugcina i-cubic meter yegesi yemvelo ewuketshezi kufana nokugcina igesi yemvelo engama-cubic meter angama-600, okubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi igesi yemvelo yezwe.
Ngo-2021, i-China yangenisa amathani ayizigidi ezingama-81.4 e-LNG, okuyenza ibe umthengisi omkhulu we-LNG emhlabeni.Sizoyigcina kanjani i-LNG engaka?
Indlela yokugcina igesi yemvelo ewuketshezi
Igesi yemvelo ewuketshezi idinga ukugcinwa ku -162 ℃ noma ngaphansi.Uma ukushisa kwemvelo kungena, izinga lokushisa legesi yemvelo eliwuketshezi lizokhuphuka, okubangele ukulimala kwesakhiwo kumapayipi, ama-valve kanye namathangi imbala.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugcinwa kwe-LNG, ithangi lokugcina kufanele ligcinwe libanda njengesiqandisi esikhulu.
Kungani kwakhiwe ithangi likaphethiloli elikhulu kakhulu?Isizathu esikhulu sokukhetha ukwakha ithangi elikhulu legesi elingu-270,000-square-meter elikhulukazi lokugcina igesi ukuthi i-LNG carrier enkulu kunazo zonke ehamba olwandle inomthamo olinganiselwa ku-275,000 square metres.Uma umkhumbi we-LNG uthuthwa uyiswa ethekwini, ungalayishwa ngokuqondile ku-super gas storage ukuze uhlangabezane nesidingo sesitoreji.Ingaphezulu, eliphakathi nendawo nephansi kwethangi le-super gas storage lakhiwe ngobuhlakani.Ukotini obandayo onobukhulu obuphelele obungamamitha angu-1.2 phezulu uhlukanisa umoya ethangini ophahleni ukuze kuncishiswe i-convection;Indawo ephakathi kwethangi ifana ne-rice cooker, egcwele izinto ezine-conductivity ephansi ye-thermal kanye nokusebenza okuhle kokushisa okushisayo;Iphansi lethangi lisebenzisa izendlalelo ezinhlanu zezinto ezintsha zokufakwa ezishisayo ezingaphili-izitini zengilazi eziyigwebu ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela wokugcina ubanda wephansi lethangi.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isistimu yokulinganisa izinga lokushisa iyasethwa ukuze inikeze i-alamu ngesikhathi uma kukhona ukuvuza okubandayo.Ukuvikela nxazonke kuxazulula inkinga yokugcina igesi yemvelo ewuketshezi.
Kunzima kakhulu ukuklama nokwakha ithangi elikhulu kangaka lokulondoloza kuzo zonke izici, phakathi kwazo ukusebenza kwe-dome ye-LNG yokugcina ithangi kuyingxenye enzima kakhulu, eyinkimbinkimbi futhi eyingozi ekufakweni nasekwakhiweni.Ngedome "enkulu ye-MAC", abacwaningi babeka phambili ubuchwepheshe bokusebenza "bokuphakamisa igesi".Ukuphakamisa umoya “uhlobo olusha lobuchwepheshe bokusebenza kokuphakamisa, obusebenzisa ama-cubic metres angu-500,000 omoya ophephethwa isiphephetha-moya ukuphakamisa kancane kancane idome yethangi lokugcina igesi endaweni enqunywe kusengaphambili phezulu.”Kulingana nokugcwalisa amabhola ebhola ayizigidi ezingu-700 ethangini lokugcina umoya.Ukuze bavuthele lo mbhemu ubude obungamamitha angu-60, abakhi bafake izifutha ezine ze-110 kW njengohlelo lwamandla.Lapho i-dome ikhuphukela endaweni enqunywe kusengaphambili, kufanele ishiselwe phezulu odongeni lwethangi ngaphansi kwesimo sokugcina ukucindezela ethangini, futhi ekugcineni ukuphakamisa uphahla kuqediwe.